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Long-term trends of fine particulate matter and chemical composition in the Pearl River Delta Economic

Xuemei WANG,Weihua CHEN,Duohong CHEN,Zhiyong WU,Qi Fan

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 1,   Pages 53-62 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0728-z

Abstract: Understanding the trends in PM levels is essential for formulating clean air plans. This paper analyzes PM data from various published sources for the years 2000 to 2010 in the Pearl River Delta Economic Zone (PRDEZ). The long-term variation in PM mass concentration is analyzed. Results show that PM , organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon (EC), and show a similar trend, increasing before 2005 and then decreasing slightly. The annual average PM concentration ranges from 49.1 μg·m in 2000 to 64.3 μg·m in 2010, with a peak of 84.1 μg·m in 2004. None of these 11 years meets the new National Ambient Air Quality standard (NAAQS) for PM (35 μg·m ). Overall average concentrations of OC, EC, and are 13.0, 6.5, and 11.8 μg·m , respectively. and respectively have concentrations of 1.5 μg·m and 2.9 μg·m in 2000 and 6.4 μg·m and 5.3 μg·m in 2010, with a statistically significant average annual trend of+ 0.2 μg·m ·yr and+ 0.1 μg·m ·yr . In certain geographic regions, OC and EC contribute most of the PM , while in other regions secondary water-soluble ions are more important. In general, OC and are the dominant components of PM , contributing 20.6% and 18.6%, respectively. These results provide, for the first time, a better understanding of the long-term PM characteristics and trends, on a species-by-species basis, in the PRDEZ. The results indicate that PM abatement needs to prioritize secondary species.

Keywords： long-term trends     fine particulate matter     chemical components     Pearl River Delta Economic Zone (PRDEZ)    

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Online single particle analysis of chemical composition and mixing state of crop straw burning particles

Juntao HUO,Xiaohui LU,Xinning WANG,Hong CHEN,Xingnan YE,Song Gao,Deborah S. Gross,Jianmin CHEN,Xin YANG

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016, Volume 10, Issue 2,   Pages 244-252 doi: 10.1007/s11783-015-0768-z

Abstract: The chemical composition and mixing state of the fresh SB particles were investigated by an Aerosol Time-of-FlightPhysical and chemical changes of the SB particles immediately after the emission were analyzed with highly

Keywords： crop straw burning particles     mixing state     aging process     ATOFMS     ion markers    

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Chemical composition and formation mechanisms in the cathode-electrolyte interface layer of lithium manganese

Sahithya REDDIVARI, Christian LASTOSKIE, Ruofei WU, Junliang ZHANG

Frontiers in Energy 2017, Volume 11, Issue 3,   Pages 365-373 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0500-8

Abstract: Lithium manganese oxide (LiMn O ) is a principal cathode material for high power and high energy density electrochemical storage on account of its low cost, non-toxicity, and ease of preparation relative to other cathode materials. However, there are well-documented problems with capacity fade of lithium ion batteries containing LiMn O . Experimental observations indicate that the manganese content of the electrolyte increases as an electrochemical cell containing LiMn O ages, suggesting that active material loss by dissolution of divalent manganese from the LiMn O surface is the primary reason for reduced cell life in LiMn O batteries. To improve the retention of manganese in the active material, it is key to understand the reactions that occur at the cathode surface. Although a thin layer of electrolyte decomposition products is known to form at the cathode surface, the speciation and reaction mechanisms of Mn in this interface layer are not yet well understood. To bridge this knowledge gap, reactive force field (ReaxFF) based molecular dynamics was applied to investigate the reactions occurring at the LiMn O cathode surface and the mechanisms that lead to manganese dissolution. The ReaxFFMD simulations reveal that the cathode-electrolyte interface layer is composed of oxidation products of electrolyte solvent molecules including aldehydes, esters, alcohols, polycarbonates, and organic radicals. The oxidation reaction pathways for the electrolyte solvent molecules involve the formation of surface hydroxyl species that react with exposed manganese atoms on the cathode surface. The presence of hydrogen fluoride (HF) induces formation of inorganic metal fluorides and surface hydroxyl species. Reaction products predicted by ReaxFF-based MD are in agreement with experimentally identified cathode-electrolyte interface compounds. An overall cathode-electrolyte interface reaction scheme is proposed based on the molecular simulation results.

Keywords： lithium manganese oxide batteries     reactive force field (ReaxFF)     cathode-electrolyte interface layer     molecular dynamics    

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Preliminary study of trace element emissions and control during coal combustion

ZHANG Junying, ZHAO Yongchun, DING Feng, ZENG Hancai, ZHENG Chuguang

Frontiers in Energy 2007, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 273-279 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0038-2

Abstract: The chemical composition and trace element contents of ash and particulate matter (PM) were determinedX-ray diffraction spectrometry (XRD) was used to determine the mineral composition of production during

Keywords： Pingdingshan     occurrence     plasma-atomic emission     chemical composition     Several typical    

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“Composition” and regularisation of architectural production in contemporary China

Hua LI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 465-473 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0097-z

Abstract: The purpose of this paper is to explore how the “Beaux-Arts” “composition” sustained the constitution“Composition”, a key technique of the “Beaux-Arts” system, is not a simple act of “putting elements together

Keywords： composition     “Beaux-Arts”     regulate     architectural production    

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Calorie restriction and its impact on gut microbial composition and global metabolism

Xiaojiao Zheng, Shouli Wang, Wei Jia

Frontiers of Medicine 2018, Volume 12, Issue 6,   Pages 634-644 doi: 10.1007/s11684-018-0670-8

Abstract: In the present review, we focus on the general effect of CR on gut microbiota composition and globalThus, improved gut microbiota composition and metabolome are potential biomarkers for determining the

Keywords： caloric restriction     gut microbiota     metabolome    

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Sensitivity analysis of a methanol and power polygeneration system fueled with coke oven gas and coal gas

Guoqiang ZHANG, Lin GAO, Hongguang JIN, Rumou LIN, Sheng LI

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 491-497 doi: 10.1007/s11705-010-0511-z

Abstract: and discussed from the point of cascading utilization of fuel chemical energy.of syngas and the conversion rate of chemical subsystem is obtained and discussed.It is obtained from the result that the proper conversion rate of the chemical subsystem according toAnd the syngas composition affects the optimal conversion rate of the chemical subsystem, the optimalwith coke oven gas and coal gas, which can realize the reasonable conversion of syngas to power and chemical

Keywords： polygeneration of power and methanol     sensitivity analysis     the relation among energy utilization     syngas compositionand chemical conversion rate    

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Effects of heavy rainfall on the composition of airborne bacterial communities

Gwang Il Jang, Chung Yeon Hwang, Byung Cheol Cho

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11783-018-1008-0

Abstract: after rainfall, these two mechanisms are expected to cause changes in airborne bacterial community composition

Keywords： Aerosol     Bacteria     Community composition     Pyrosequencing     Rain    

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Syngas composition study

Zhe WANG , Jinning YANG , Zheng LI , Yong XIANG ,

Frontiers in Energy 2009, Volume 3, Issue 3,   Pages 369-372 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0044-7

Abstract: The syngas composition characteristic was investigated in the real slurry-feed gasifier using a detailed

Keywords： entrained-flow     gasifier     syngas    

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Effect of wastewater composition on the calcium carbonate precipitation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket

Shucheng YANG, Yanling HE, Charles CHOU, Pengxiang ZHANG, Dongqi WANG, Yonghong LIU,

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 2,   Pages 142-149 doi: 10.1007/s11783-010-0026-3

Abstract: The aim of this paper is to study the effect of wastewater composition on calcium carbonate precipitation

Keywords： calcium carbonate     precipitation     anaerobic granular sludge     wastewater composition     microstructure     upflow    

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Development and applications of functional gene microarrays in the analysis of the functional diversity, composition

Zhili HE, Joy D. VAN NOSTRAND, Ye DENG, Jizhong ZHOU

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2011, Volume 5, Issue 1,   Pages 1-20 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0301-y

Abstract: Several generations of GeoChip have been developed and applied to investigate the functional diversity, composition

Keywords： functional gene arrays (FGAs)     GeoChip     microbial communities     functional diversity/composition/structure    

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Spent rechargeable lithium batteries in e-waste: composition and its implications

Xianlai ZENG,Jinhui LI

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2014, Volume 8, Issue 5,   Pages 792-796 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0705-6

Abstract: This study aimed to determine the differences of physical components and chemical compositions among

Keywords： rechargeable lithium batteries     e-waste     physical components     difference analysis     recycling    

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Visualization of amino acid composition differences between processed protein from different animal species

Xingfan ZHOU,Zengling YANG,Longjian CHEN,Lujia HAN

Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2016, Volume 3, Issue 2,   Pages 171-179 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016095

Abstract: of processed animal proteins, however there has been limited investigation of differences in their compositionIn this study, self-organizing feature maps (SOFM) were used to visualize amino acid composition of fishSOFM display the similarities and differences in amino acid composition between protein sources and effectivelyAmino acid composition was shown to be useful for distinguishing fish meal from MBM due to their largeHowever, the amino acid composition of the three MBMs was quite similar.

Keywords： self-organizing feature maps     visualization     processed animal proteins (PAPs)     amino acid    

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Feasibility of crack free reinforced concrete bridge deck from materials composition perspective: a state

Mahdi AREZOUMANDI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 91-103 doi: 10.1007/s11709-015-0274-1

Abstract: Early age cracking on bridge deck has been the subject of many studies for years. Cracking is a major concern because it leads to premature deterioration of structures. Millions of dollars spent to repair the cracked bridge decks each year. To design an appropriate mixture for crack free bridge deck, it is important to study previous researches. This paper presents a comprehensive literature review of the performance of different materials compositions as well as methods have been used to reduce and control bridge deck cracks. Different material compositions and methods are discussed in terms of their performances as well as advantages and disadvantages.

Keywords： bridge deck     crack     fiber     shrinkage     shrinkage reducing admixture    

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The Phragmites Root-Inhabiting Microbiome: A Critical Review on Its Composition and Environmental Review

Donglin Wang, Yaohui Bai, Jiuhui Qu

Engineering 2022, Volume 9, Issue 2,   Pages 42-50 doi: 10.1016/j.eng.2021.05.016

Abstract: However, despite such common applications, current understanding of the basic composition of the <

Keywords： Phragmites     Rhizosphere microbiome     Microbial community composition     Pollution remediation     Constructed    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Long-term trends of fine particulate matter and chemical composition in the Pearl River Delta Economic

Xuemei WANG,Weihua CHEN,Duohong CHEN,Zhiyong WU,Qi Fan

Journal Article

Online single particle analysis of chemical composition and mixing state of crop straw burning particles

Juntao HUO,Xiaohui LU,Xinning WANG,Hong CHEN,Xingnan YE,Song Gao,Deborah S. Gross,Jianmin CHEN,Xin YANG

Journal Article

Chemical composition and formation mechanisms in the cathode-electrolyte interface layer of lithium manganese

Sahithya REDDIVARI, Christian LASTOSKIE, Ruofei WU, Junliang ZHANG

Journal Article

Preliminary study of trace element emissions and control during coal combustion

ZHANG Junying, ZHAO Yongchun, DING Feng, ZENG Hancai, ZHENG Chuguang

Journal Article

“Composition” and regularisation of architectural production in contemporary China

Hua LI

Journal Article

Calorie restriction and its impact on gut microbial composition and global metabolism

Xiaojiao Zheng, Shouli Wang, Wei Jia

Journal Article

Sensitivity analysis of a methanol and power polygeneration system fueled with coke oven gas and coal gas

Guoqiang ZHANG, Lin GAO, Hongguang JIN, Rumou LIN, Sheng LI

Journal Article

Effects of heavy rainfall on the composition of airborne bacterial communities

Gwang Il Jang, Chung Yeon Hwang, Byung Cheol Cho

Journal Article

Syngas composition study

Zhe WANG , Jinning YANG , Zheng LI , Yong XIANG ,

Journal Article

Effect of wastewater composition on the calcium carbonate precipitation in upflow anaerobic sludge blanket

Shucheng YANG, Yanling HE, Charles CHOU, Pengxiang ZHANG, Dongqi WANG, Yonghong LIU,

Journal Article

Development and applications of functional gene microarrays in the analysis of the functional diversity, composition

Zhili HE, Joy D. VAN NOSTRAND, Ye DENG, Jizhong ZHOU

Journal Article

Spent rechargeable lithium batteries in e-waste: composition and its implications

Xianlai ZENG,Jinhui LI

Journal Article

Visualization of amino acid composition differences between processed protein from different animal species

Xingfan ZHOU,Zengling YANG,Longjian CHEN,Lujia HAN

Journal Article

Feasibility of crack free reinforced concrete bridge deck from materials composition perspective: a state

Mahdi AREZOUMANDI

Journal Article

The Phragmites Root-Inhabiting Microbiome: A Critical Review on Its Composition and Environmental

Donglin Wang, Yaohui Bai, Jiuhui Qu

Journal Article